Đề bài

Rút gọn biểu thức: \(a)\left( {x - y} \right)\left( {{x^2} + xy + {y^2}} \right)\)                         b) \(\left( {x + y} \right)\left( {{x^2} - xy + {y^2}} \right)\) c) \(\left( {4{\rm{x}} - 1} \right)\left( {6y + 1} \right) - 3{\rm{x}}\left( {8y + \dfrac{4}{3}} \right)\)          

d) \(\left( {x + y} \right)\left( {x - y} \right) + \left( {x{y^4} - {x^3}{y^2}} \right):\left( {x{y^2}} \right)\)

Lời giải chi tiết

a)

\(\begin{array}{l}\left( {x - y} \right)\left( {{x^2} + xy + {y^2}} \right)\\ = x.{x^2} + x.xy + x.{y^2} - y.{x^2} - y.xy - y.{y^2}\\ = {x^3} + {x^2}y + x{y^2} - {x^2}y - x{y^2} - {y^3}\\ = {x^3} - {y^3}\end{array}\)

b)\(\begin{array}{l}\left( {x + y} \right)\left( {{x^2} - xy + {y^2}} \right)\\ = x.{x^2} + x.\left( { - xy} \right) + x{y^2} + y.{x^2} + y.\left( { - xy} \right) + y.{y^2}\\ = {x^3} - {x^2}y + x{y^2} + {x^2}y - x{y^2} + {y^3}\\ = {x^3} + {y^3}\end{array}\)c)\(\begin{array}{l}\left( {4{\rm{x}} - 1} \right)\left( {6y + 1} \right) - 3{\rm{x}}\left( {8y + \dfrac{4}{3}} \right)\\ = 4{\rm{x}}.6y + 4{\rm{x}}.1 - 1.6y - 1.1 - 3{\rm{x}}.8y - 3{\rm{x}}.\dfrac{4}{3}\\ = 24{\rm{x}}y + 4{\rm{x}} - 6y - 1 - 24{\rm{x}}y - 4{\rm{x}}\\ =  - 6y - 1\end{array}\)d)\(\begin{array}{l}\left( {x + y} \right)\left( {x - y} \right) + \left( {x{y^4} - {x^3}{y^2}} \right):\left( {x{y^2}} \right)\\ = x.x + x.\left( { - y} \right) + y.x + y.\left( { - y} \right) + \left( {x{y^4}} \right):\left( {x{y^2}} \right) + \left( { - {x^3}{y^2}} \right):\left( {x{y^2}} \right)\\ = {x^2} - xy + xy - {y^2} + {y^2} - x^2\\ = 0\end{array}\)